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README.md

IRTT Packet Test Vectors

Source: Black-box captures from irtt 0.9.1 on macOS Darwin 25.3.0 arm64
Date: 2026-04-28

All vectors are from actual network captures (not constructed).

Vector 1: Open Request (no HMAC)

Scenario: Client opens session with default parameters (duration=3s, interval=1s, stats=both, tstamp=both, clock=both).
Direction: Client → Server
irtt version: 0.9.1
Command: irtt client -d 3s -i 1s 127.0.0.1:2112

Packet (24 bytes):

14 a7 5b 01 01 02 02 80 f8 82 ad 16 03 80 a8 d6
b9 07 05 06 06 06 07 06

Field breakdown:

  • Bytes 0-2: Magic 14 a7 5b
  • Byte 3: Flags 01 (Open)
  • Bytes 4-23: Parameter payload:
    • Tag 1 (ProtocolVersion): value 02 → zigzag → 1
    • Tag 2 (Duration): value 80 f8 82 ad 16 → zigzag → 3000000000 ns (3s)
    • Tag 3 (Interval): value 80 a8 d6 b9 07 → zigzag → 1000000000 ns (1s)
    • Tag 5 (ReceivedStats): value 06 → zigzag → 3 (Both)
    • Tag 6 (StampAt): value 06 → zigzag → 3 (Both)
    • Tag 7 (Clock): value 06 → zigzag → 3 (Both)

Notes:

  • No connection token field (token not yet assigned)
  • Tags 4 (Length), 8 (DSCP) omitted because values are 0
  • Tag 9 (ServerFill) omitted because not specified

Vector 2: Open Reply (no HMAC)

Scenario: Server accepts session, returns token and echoed parameters.
Direction: Server → Client
Token: 0x7896b6ab87715213

Packet (32 bytes):

14 a7 5b 03 13 52 71 87 ab b6 96 78 01 02 02 80
f8 82 ad 16 03 80 a8 d6 b9 07 05 06 06 06 07 06

Field breakdown:

  • Bytes 0-2: Magic 14 a7 5b
  • Byte 3: Flags 03 (Open | Reply)
  • Bytes 4-11: Connection token 13 52 71 87 ab b6 96 78 (LE: 0x7896b6ab87715213)
  • Bytes 12-31: Parameter payload (same as request — no restrictions)

Vector 3: Echo Request (no HMAC, default stats+timestamps)

Scenario: First test packet, sequence 0, default settings.
Direction: Client → Server
Token: 0x7896b6ab87715213, Seq: 0

Packet (60 bytes):

14 a7 5b 00 13 52 71 87 ab b6 96 78 00 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

Field breakdown:

  • Bytes 0-2: Magic 14 a7 5b
  • Byte 3: Flags 00 (no flags — echo request from client)
  • Bytes 4-11: Connection token
  • Bytes 12-15: Sequence number 00 00 00 00 (LE: 0)
  • Bytes 16-19: Received count (zeroed placeholder)
  • Bytes 20-27: Received window (zeroed placeholder)
  • Bytes 28-35: Receive wall timestamp (zeroed placeholder)
  • Bytes 36-43: Receive mono timestamp (zeroed placeholder)
  • Bytes 44-51: Send wall timestamp (zeroed placeholder)
  • Bytes 52-59: Send mono timestamp (zeroed placeholder)

Notes: All stats and timestamp fields are zeroed in echo requests. They serve as placeholders to reach the negotiated packet length.

Vector 4: Echo Reply (no HMAC, default stats+timestamps)

Scenario: Server reply to seq 2, third packet in session.
Direction: Server → Client
Token: 0x7896b6ab87715213, Seq: 2, Recv Count: 3, Window: 0x07

Packet (60 bytes):

14 a7 5b 02 13 52 71 87 ab b6 96 78 02 00 00 00
03 00 00 00 07 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 b8 1a 33 0c
86 6d aa 18 de 26 35 95 00 00 00 00 80 4d 33 0c
86 6d aa 18 b2 57 35 95 00 00 00 00

Field breakdown:

  • Bytes 0-2: Magic 14 a7 5b
  • Byte 3: Flags 02 (Reply)
  • Bytes 4-11: Connection token
  • Bytes 12-15: Sequence number 02 00 00 00 (LE: 2)
  • Bytes 16-19: Received count 03 00 00 00 (LE: 3)
  • Bytes 20-27: Received window 07 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 (LE: 0x07, bits 0-2 set)
  • Bytes 28-35: Receive wall timestamp b8 1a 33 0c 86 6d aa 18 (LE int64)
  • Bytes 36-43: Receive mono timestamp de 26 35 95 00 00 00 00 (LE int64)
  • Bytes 44-51: Send wall timestamp 80 4d 33 0c 86 6d aa 18 (LE int64)
  • Bytes 52-59: Send mono timestamp b2 57 35 95 00 00 00 00 (LE int64)

Window interpretation (for seq 2):

  • Bit 0 (0x01): Seq 2 received ✓
  • Bit 1 (0x02): Seq 1 received ✓
  • Bit 2 (0x04): Seq 0 received ✓

Vector 5: Close Request (no HMAC)

Scenario: Client sends close after test.
Direction: Client → Server
Token: 0x7896b6ab87715213

Packet (12 bytes):

14 a7 5b 04 13 52 71 87 ab b6 96 78

Field breakdown:

  • Bytes 0-2: Magic 14 a7 5b
  • Byte 3: Flags 04 (Close)
  • Bytes 4-11: Connection token

Vector 6: HMAC Open Request

Scenario: Client opens session with HMAC key "testkey".
Direction: Client → Server
HMAC key: ASCII "testkey" (7 bytes)

Packet (40 bytes):

14 a7 5b 09 ff 90 16 a7 aa 53 78 16 9e c3 a2 d5
54 dc 30 36 01 02 02 80 d0 ac f3 0e 03 80 a8 d6
b9 07 05 06 06 06 07 06

Field breakdown:

  • Bytes 0-2: Magic 14 a7 5b
  • Byte 3: Flags 09 (Open | HMAC)
  • Bytes 4-19: HMAC ff 90 16 a7 aa 53 78 16 9e c3 a2 d5 54 dc 30 36
  • Bytes 20-39: Parameter payload

HMAC verified independently with Python (HMAC-MD5 over entire packet with HMAC field zeroed).

Vector 7: HMAC Echo Request

Scenario: Echo request with HMAC, seq 0.
Direction: Client → Server
Token: 0x4387e9eb5d3fca59, HMAC key: "testkey"

Packet (76 bytes):

14 a7 5b 08 d9 87 4f 82 b3 13 10 31 59 ad 2c 8f
6b da ef ff 59 ca 3f 5d eb e9 87 43 00 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

Field breakdown:

  • Bytes 0-2: Magic
  • Byte 3: Flags 08 (HMAC)
  • Bytes 4-19: HMAC
  • Bytes 20-27: Connection token 59 ca 3f 5d eb e9 87 43
  • Bytes 28-31: Sequence number 00 00 00 00
  • Bytes 32-75: Stats + timestamp placeholders (zeroed)

Vector 8: HMAC Close Request

Scenario: Close with HMAC.
Direction: Client → Server
Token: 0x4387e9eb5d3fca59, HMAC key: "testkey"

Packet (28 bytes):

14 a7 5b 0c f5 cd 0f a9 de 9d 7d 66 8d 91 a5 32
48 0e 42 e0 59 ca 3f 5d eb e9 87 43

Field breakdown:

  • Bytes 0-2: Magic
  • Byte 3: Flags 0c (Close | HMAC)
  • Bytes 4-19: HMAC
  • Bytes 20-27: Connection token

Vector 9: No-Test Mode (Open+Close Request)

Scenario: Client opens and immediately closes.
Direction: Client → Server

Packet (25 bytes):

14 a7 5b 05 01 02 02 80 e0 ba 84 bf 03 03 80 a8
d6 b9 07 05 06 06 06 07 06

Field breakdown:

  • Bytes 0-2: Magic
  • Byte 3: Flags 05 (Open | Close)
  • Bytes 4-24: Parameter payload
    • Tag 1: ProtocolVersion = 1
    • Tag 2: Duration = 60000000000 ns (60s, default)
    • Tag 3: Interval = 1000000000 ns (1s, default)
    • Tag 5: ReceivedStats = 3 (Both)
    • Tag 6: StampAt = 3 (Both)
    • Tag 7: Clock = 3 (Both)

Vector 10: No-Test Mode (Open+Close Reply)

Scenario: Server acknowledges no-test open+close.
Direction: Server → Client

Packet (33 bytes):

14 a7 5b 07 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 02 02 80
e0 ba 84 bf 03 03 80 a8 d6 b9 07 05 06 06 06 07
06

Field breakdown:

  • Bytes 0-2: Magic
  • Byte 3: Flags 07 (Open | Reply | Close)
  • Bytes 4-11: Connection token 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 (ZERO)
  • Bytes 12-32: Parameter payload

Notes: In no-test mode, the server returns a zero connection token. The Close flag in this context means "acknowledged close" not "rejected."

Vector 11: Minimal Echo Packet (no stats, no timestamps)

Scenario: Echo request with stats=none, tstamp=none.
Direction: Client → Server
Token: 0xa0316fa25c61154e, Seq: 0

Packet (16 bytes):

14 a7 5b 00 4e 15 61 5c a2 6f 31 a0 00 00 00 00

Field breakdown:

  • Bytes 0-2: Magic
  • Byte 3: Flags 00
  • Bytes 4-11: Connection token
  • Bytes 12-15: Sequence number

This is the absolute minimum echo packet size.

Vector 12: Midpoint Timestamps (both clocks)

Scenario: Echo reply with stats=both, tstamp=midpoint, clock=both.
Direction: Server → Client

Packet (44 bytes):

14 a7 5b 02 91 a4 1e 7a f0 14 f6 62 00 00 00 00
01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 f7 0e 2c 93
a2 6d aa 18 5a 5f 14 47 03 00 00 00

Field breakdown:

  • Bytes 0-2: Magic
  • Byte 3: Flags 02 (Reply)
  • Bytes 4-11: Token
  • Bytes 12-15: Seq 00 00 00 00 (0)
  • Bytes 16-19: Recv count 01 00 00 00 (1)
  • Bytes 20-27: Recv window 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
  • Bytes 28-35: Midpoint wall timestamp
  • Bytes 36-43: Midpoint mono timestamp

Notes: Only midpoint timestamps present. No receive/send timestamp fields. Confirms midpoint is mutually exclusive with receive+send.

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